| Carbon (carbon) |
|---|
| n. | (kär"bn) |
|---|
| Car"bon |
[F. carbone, fr. L. carbo coal; cf. Skr.
çr to cook.] (Chem.) |
An
elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is
present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C.
it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal,
and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized
state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known
substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron,
etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this
it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united
with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic
acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the
oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds
called hydrocarbons. Compare Diamond, and
Graphite.
|
A carbon
rod or pencil used in an arc lamp; also, a plate or piece of carbon
used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery.
|
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