A, as a prefix to English words, is derived from
various sources. (1) It frequently signifies on or in (from
an, a forms of AS. on), denoting a state, as in
afoot, on foot, abed, amiss, asleep, aground,
aloft, away (AS. onweg), and analogically,
ablaze, atremble, etc. (2) AS. of off, from, as in
adown (AS. ofdūne off the dun or hill). (3) AS.
ā- (Goth. us-, ur-, Ger. er-), usually giving an
intensive force, and sometimes the sense of away, on,
back, as in arise, abide, ago. (4) Old English
y- or i- (corrupted from the AS. inseparable particle ge-
, cognate with OHG. ga-, gi-, Goth. ga-), which,
as a prefix, made no essential addition to the meaning, as in aware. (5)
French à (L. ad to), as in abase,
achieve. (6) L. a, ab, abs, from, as in
avert. (7) Greek insep. prefix α without, or privative, not,
as in abyss, atheist; akin to E. un-.
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